{"id":14889,"date":"2023-04-10T16:46:26","date_gmt":"2023-04-10T16:46:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dodekanisos.com.gr\/?p=14889"},"modified":"2023-04-10T16:46:27","modified_gmt":"2023-04-10T16:46:27","slug":"%ce%b4%cf%89%ce%b4%ce%b5%ce%ba%ce%b1%ce%bd%ce%ae%cf%83%ce%b9%ce%bf%ce%b9-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%b1-%ce%b1%ce%bd%ce%b8%cf%81%ce%b1%ce%ba%cf%89%cf%81%cf%85%cf%87%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%84%ce%b7%cf%82-%ce%b1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dodekanisos.com.gr\/?p=14889","title":{"rendered":"\u0394\u03c9\u03b4\u03b5\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03ae\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u0391\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c9\u03c1\u03c5\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0391\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"fb-root\"><\/div>\n\n<p><em>\u0391\u03bd\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03bc\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u2019 \u03cc\u03bb\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf, \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ae\u03bb\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u0391\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 19\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 20\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b1, \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03ba\u03b9 \u03bf \u039c\u03b1\u03bd\u03ce\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2 \u03a7\u03b1\u03c4\u03b6\u03b7\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u039a\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd\u03ac\u03c1\u03b9 (Karaburun) \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u039c\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03ac\u03c2 \u0391\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2. \u0391\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03bd\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u039a\u03ac\u03c1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf \u03c0\u03ae\u03b3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u0391\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae, \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c7\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 \u0394\u03c9\u03b4\u03b5\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03ae\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03b9, \u03bc\u03b1\u03b6\u03af \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5, \u03bf \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03bf\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03bb\u03b1\u03b2\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03ad\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c0\u03af\u03c4\u03b9\u03b1, \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bc\u03c0\u03ad\u03bb\u03b9\u03b1.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em><strong>\u03a3\u03c4\u03bf Canonsburg<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>\u039f \u03a7\u03b1\u03c4\u03b6\u03b7\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c6\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf Canonsburg PA \u03c4\u03bf 1899 \u03ba\u03b9 \u03ad\u03c0\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03b5 \u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c9\u03c1\u03c5\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 Allegheny Coal Company \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9, \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03c9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03af\u03c1\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03a4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03ba\u03af\u03b1, \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03b9\u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7.<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>\u03a4\u03bf 1901 \u03bf \u03a7\u03b1\u03c4\u03b6\u03b7\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c6\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03b4\u03b5\u03bb\u03c6\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u0399\u03c9\u03ac\u03bd\u03bd\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u039c\u03b1\u03bd\u03ce\u03bb\u03b7 \u03a3\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c1\u03b3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1, \u03c4\u03bf 1903, \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u039d\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c4\u03b1 \u03a7\u03b1\u03c4\u03b6\u03b7\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7, \u0391\u03bb\u03ad\u03be\u03b7 \u0399\u03c9\u03ac\u03bd\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u0391\u03bb\u03b5\u03be\u03b9\u03ac\u03b4\u03b7, \u0392\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u0397\u03bb\u03af\u03b1 \u039c\u03b9\u03c7\u03b1\u03ae\u03bb \u03a3\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u0395\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03ae\u03bb \u0399\u03c9\u03ac\u03bd\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03ba\u03b7.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>\u03a4\u03b1 \u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ad\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03af \u039a\u03b1\u03c1\u03c0\u03ac\u03b8\u03b9\u03bf\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u039a\u03ac\u03c1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03b5\u03bd\u03b8\u03b1\u03c1\u03c1\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ad\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03cd\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ba\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03af \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u0391\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae. \u03a0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03af \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b3\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u039a\u03ac\u03c1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b4\u03c5\u03bf-\u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03bd\u03b7\u03c3\u03af, \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u0391\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae, \u03c0\u03ae\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd \u03bc\u03b1\u03b6\u03af \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c6\u03af\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2. \u03a4\u03bf 1906 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03b9 50 \u039a\u03b1\u03c1\u03c0\u03ac\u03b8\u03b9\u03bf\u03b9 \u03ad\u03c6\u03b8\u03b1\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u0391\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae.<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><a href=\"https:\/\/anamniseis.wpenginepowered.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/a118-CoalMines1-Small.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/anamniseis.wpenginepowered.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/a118-CoalMines1-Small.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-51393\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">\u039f \u039c\u03b1\u03bd\u03ce\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2 \u03a7\u03b1\u03c4\u03b6\u03b7\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03b3\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5, \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c9\u03c1\u03c5\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf Canonsburg \u03c4\u03bf1899. Emmanuel Hazistamatis bid farewell to his family, leaving for the coal mines in Canonsburg in 1899.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><em>\u039f\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03b9 \u039a\u03b1\u03c1\u03c0\u03ac\u03b8\u03b9\u03bf\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03ae\u03b3\u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf Canonsburg<\/em><em>&nbsp;\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03c0\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c9\u03c1\u03c5\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 Allegheny<\/em><em>. \u03a4\u03b7\u03bd \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae, \u03bc\u03b1\u03b6\u03af \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u039a\u03b1\u03c1\u03c0\u03ac\u03b8\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c6\u03b8\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf Canonsburg \u03bf\u03b9 \u03a1\u03bf\u03b4\u03af\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2, \u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u039a\u03bf\u03c3\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd, \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd (\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03b8\u03bc\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac) \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u039a\u03b1\u03c1\u03c0\u03ac\u03b8\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>\u03a4\u03bf 1906 \u03b7 \u0394\u03c9\u03b4\u03b5\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 Canonsburg \u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03b8\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5 \u03b3\u03cd\u03c1\u03c9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 300 \u0394\u03c9\u03b4\u03b5\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03b7\u03c3\u03af\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2, 200 \u03a1\u03bf\u03b4\u03af\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 100 \u039a\u03b1\u03c1\u03c0\u03ac\u03b8\u03b9\u03bf\u03b9. \u03a3\u03ae\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1, \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c4\u03bc\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bd\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03b1\u03c6\u03b5\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 Canonsburg, \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03bc\u03bd\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u0394\u03c9\u03b4\u03b5\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03b7\u03c3\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd.<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>\u039c\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03bc\u03bd\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u039a\u03b1\u03c1\u03c0\u03ac\u03b8\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5 \u039c\u03b1\u03bd\u03ce\u03bb\u03b7 \u03a7\u03b1\u03c4\u03b6\u03b7\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u039a\u03b1\u03c1\u03c0\u03ac\u03b8\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u0391\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae, \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03ce\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03af \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03ad\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c8\u03b1\u03bd \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03c1\u03b9\u03b6\u03b1\u03bd \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b7\u03b3\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03bf \u039d\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03bb\u03b1\u03bf\u03c2 \u039c\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ce\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 (Philadelphia<\/em><em>&nbsp;PA<\/em><em>, 1872) \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf \u0399\u03c9\u03ac\u03bd\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u039b\u03b5\u03b9\u03b2\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ce\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 (New<\/em><em>&nbsp;Orleans<\/em><em>&nbsp;LA<\/em><em>, 1875). \u0394\u03b5\u03ba\u03b1\u03b5\u03c4\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c1\u03b3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1, \u03b4\u03b5\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03ac\u03c2 \u03a1\u03bf\u03b4\u03af\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 Canonsburg \u03bc\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u0395\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5 \u03a1\u03bf\u03b4\u03af\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac, \u03b5\u03bd\u03ce \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03ac \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03ac\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u0391\u03b3\u03b3\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b5\u03bc\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae \u03a1\u03bf\u03b4\u03af\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03c9\u03bd \u03bb\u03ad\u03be\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c6\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em><strong>\u03a3\u03c4\u03bf Wheeling \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd Aliquippa<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>\u03a4\u03bf 1911 \u03c0\u03ae\u03c1\u03b5 \u03c6\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c9\u03c1\u03c5\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 Allegheny \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf Canonsburg \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03af \u039a\u03b1\u03c1\u03c0\u03ac\u03b8\u03b9\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b2\u03c1\u03ae\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c9\u03c1\u03c5\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 Wheeling WV, \u03b5\u03bd\u03ce \u03bf\u03b9 \u03a1\u03bf\u03b4\u03af\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c0\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd&nbsp; \u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c9\u03c1\u03c5\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 Aliquippa PA.<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><a href=\"https:\/\/anamniseis.wpenginepowered.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/a118-CoalMines3-Small.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/anamniseis.wpenginepowered.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/a118-CoalMines3-Small.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-51394\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">\u039a\u03b1\u03c1\u03c0\u03ac\u03b8\u03b9\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c9\u03c1\u03cd\u03c7\u03bf\u03b9 \u03ad\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03ac\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5. \u0391\u03c0\u03cc \u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03ac: \u039c\u03b7\u03bd\u03ac\u03c2 \u039a\u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03b3\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2, \u039c\u03b7\u03bd\u03ac\u03c2 \u03a7\u03c1\u03c5\u03c3\u03bf\u03c6\u03cc\u03c2, \u0391\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u039a\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2, \u0394\u03b7\u03bc\u03ae\u03c4\u03c1\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u039a\u03ce\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u039c\u03b1\u03c4\u03c3\u03ac\u03ba\u03b7\u03c2, \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf Harmarville PA \u03c4\u03bf 1932. Karpathian miners ready for a day of work of terror. From left: Minas Kourouglos, Minas Chrysofos, Athanasios Kontos, Dimitris and Kostas Matsakis, in Harmarville PA in 1932.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><em>\u03a3\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03c9 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03c9, \u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf\u03af \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03ad\u03bf\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u00ab\u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u00bb \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 Pennsylvania<\/em><em>, Ohio<\/em><em>&nbsp;\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 West<\/em><em>&nbsp;Virginia<\/em><em>, \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b3\u03cd\u03c1\u03c9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf Logan<\/em><em>.<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>\u039f\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae, \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b6\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2, \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ae\u03b8\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7. \u038c\u03c3\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bb\u03b1\u03b4\u03ae \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd \u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03c1\u03b5\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u0391\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae, \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03cd\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03b9 \u03ae \u03b7 \u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03b3\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ad\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u0394\u03c9\u03b4\u03b5\u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03b7\u03c3\u03b1, \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b5\u03cd\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03b1, \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ad\u03be\u03bf\u03b4\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03af \u03ba\u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03ce\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd, &nbsp;\u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1 \u03ad\u03be\u03bf\u03b4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c3\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c8\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03bd\u03c4\u03cc\u03c0\u03b9\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ac\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd.<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>\u0388\u03c4\u03c3\u03b9 \u03b5\u03be\u03b7\u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b3\u03b5\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03af \u0394\u03c9\u03b4\u03b5\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03ae\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b2\u03c1\u03ad\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c2, \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf Zeigler<\/em><em>&nbsp;\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 Gillespie<\/em><em>&nbsp;IL<\/em><em>&nbsp;\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03c5\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf Dawson<\/em><em>&nbsp;NM<\/em><em>. \u03a4\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c1\u03b5\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u0394\u03c9\u03b4\u03b5\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03b7\u03c3\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0391\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2, \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 20\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b1, \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c7\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c7\u03c1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u0394\u03b5\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03a0\u03b1\u03b3\u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf \u03a0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b5\u03bc\u03bf.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em><strong>\u0394\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03ac \u03a3\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03ae<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>\u039c\u03b5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03bb\u03ba\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ad\u03b2\u03b1\u03b9\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c9\u03c1\u03cd\u03c7\u03bf\u03b9 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\u03ba\u03c5\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03ac \u03b2\u03b1\u03b3\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1, \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c6\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03ac\u03c1\u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03b5\u03be\u03cc\u03c1\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03c2, \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03bb\u03ba\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b1. \u0391\u03c0\u2019 \u03b5\u03ba\u03b5\u03af, \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ac\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2, \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03ad\u03b2\u03b1\u03b6\u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c6\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ad\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b9\u03bf\u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0391\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ae \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bb\u03b9\u03bc\u03ac\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/anamniseis.wpenginepowered.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/a118-CoalMines4-Small.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-51395\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">\u039c\u03cc\u03bb\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b2\u03b3\u03ae\u03ba\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c9\u03c1\u03c5\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03bf \u0394\u03b7\u03bc\u03ae\u03c4\u03c1\u03b7\u03c2 \u039c\u03b1\u03c4\u03c3\u03ac\u03ba\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf 1930. Demetris Matsakis, as he exited a coal mine, in1930.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><em>\u039d\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c9\u03c1\u03cd\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bf \u039d\u03af\u03ba\u03bf\u03c2 \u03a6\u03c1. \u0392\u03cc\u03b6\u03bf\u03c2: \u00ab\u0394\u03ad\u03ba\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b4\u03ce\u03b4\u03b5\u03ba\u03b1 \u03ce\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03ba\u03ac\u03c8\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03b1\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c6\u03b1\u03b3\u03b7\u03c4\u03cc. \u039f \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c3\u03ba\u03b1\u03b2\u03b5 16 \u03c4\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 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\u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03bf \u03b7 \u03c6\u03bb\u03ad\u03b2\u03b1, \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03af\u03b6\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03ba\u03ac\u03c8\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03bb\u03ba\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b1.&nbsp;<\/em><em>\u0394\u03b5\u03bd \u03ae\u03b8\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5 \u03bf&nbsp;<\/em><em>\u00ab<\/em><em>\u03bc\u03c0\u03cc\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2<\/em><em>\u00bb<\/em><em>&nbsp;(\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2) \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03ac\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03ac\u03c1\u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9\u03b6\u03b1\u03bd 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\u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03b4\u03c9\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf. \u03a4\u03b1 \u03c8\u03ce\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac\u03b6\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03bc\u03c0\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2, \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c6\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf \u201cCompany store\u201d \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b5\u03be\u03c9\u03c6\u03c1\u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2. \u03a3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03ae \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03bc\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03bc\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ad\u03b4\u03b9\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd 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1910 \u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ad\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03c4\u03bf\u03af \u0394\u03c9\u03b4\u03b5\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03ae\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c9\u03c1\u03cd\u03c7\u03bf\u03b9. The three-story building of Giannis Skoulos in Canonsburg PA, in 1910, where several Dodecanesian coal miners lived.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><em><strong>\u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03b3\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u0386\u03b7 \u03a0\u03ad\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>\u039c\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b6\u03c9\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c9\u03c1\u03cd\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03b4\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03af\u03c4\u03bb\u03bf \u00ab\u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ad\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf \u0391\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c9\u03c1\u03cd\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2\u00bb, \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 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\u03bd\u03cd\u03c7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c6\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03af\u03bf\u03c5, \u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b6\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03cc \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bb\u03cd\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03c1\u03b5\u03bc\u03b1. \u0393\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c6\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5 \u03bb\u03ac\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03bb\u03b1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5, \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03af \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03bf\u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1. \u039a\u03bf\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03be\u03cd\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03c1\u03b5\u03b2\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9\u03b1, \u03bc\u2019 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03ac\u03c0\u03bb\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1, \u03c4\u03bf \u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03cc \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03cc \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03ba\u03ad\u03c0\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bb\u03ac\u03c1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac\u03ba\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b1\u03c2. \u03a0\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03b2\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c1\u03ce\u03b3\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c6\u03b1\u03c3\u03cc\u03bb\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2, \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03b3\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1 \u03ba\u03c1\u03ad\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b2\u03bf\u03b4\u03b9\u03bd\u03cc\u00bb. \u039c\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c1\u03b3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03af \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c9\u03c1\u03cd\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c6\u03c4\u03b9\u03b1\u03be\u03b1\u03bd \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03ce\u03c0\u03b9\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c0\u03af\u03c4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ad\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c9\u03c1\u03cd\u03c7\u03bf\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03c0\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0394\u03cd\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u0395\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>\u0397 \u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c9\u03c1\u03cd\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03b4\u03cd\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7. \u03a0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2, \u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03af\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03b1\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9\u03b6\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03ae, \u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03c6\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b2\u03c1\u03ac\u03c7\u03bf\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c7\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 (\u00ab\u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u00bb) \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ac\u03ba\u03c9\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03ae \u03ad\u03ba\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03ad\u03be\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03c5\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2. \u0386\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bb\u03b9, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03bc\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03bc\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03b6\u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c5\u03c0\u03cc\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bb\u03af\u03bc\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03ac\u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03af \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c9\u03c1\u03cd\u03c7\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c0\u03ad\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b8\u03c5\u03bc\u03b9\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b2\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03bb\u03c9\u03b2\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2. \u0393\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c9\u03c1\u03cd\u03c7\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03c1\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2, \u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bb\u03ac\u03bc\u03c0\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bb\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2, \u03b7 \u03c6\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c3\u03b2\u03b7\u03bd\u03b5 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u03ac\u03bd\u03b9\u03bf \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03ad\u03b2\u03b1\u03b9\u03bd\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03ac \u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1. \u03a0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u03ac\u03bd\u03b9\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03bc\u03b7 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03b7, \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03b9\u03c9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03bf \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03af\u03bd\u03b1, \u03ad\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03c6\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03ba\u03c1\u03b7\u03be\u03b7. \u039d\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c9\u03c2, \u03bf \u039d\u03af\u03ba\u03bf\u03c2 \u039a\u03c9\u03bd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\u03c2, \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bf \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c9\u03c1\u03cd\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ce\u03c0\u03b9\u03b6\u03b5 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03b9\u03bd\u03b1:<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><a href=\"https:\/\/anamniseis.wpenginepowered.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/a118-CoalMines7-Small.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/anamniseis.wpenginepowered.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/a118-CoalMines7-Small.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-51398\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">\u039f \u039d\u03af\u03ba\u03bf\u03c2 \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac\u03ba\u03b7\u03c2 (\u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u039a\u03bf\u03c3\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03a1\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5), \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c3\u03cd\u03b6\u03c5\u03b3\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a0\u03b7\u03bd\u03b5\u03bb\u03cc\u03c0\u03b7 \u039c\u03b1\u03c4\u03c3\u03ac\u03ba\u03b7 (\u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u039a\u03ac\u03c1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf) \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03b3\u03b3\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u039d\u03af\u03ba\u03bf (\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03ac) \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u039c\u03b1\u03bd\u03ce\u03bb\u03b7 \u039d\u03b9\u03ba. \u03a3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03ba\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf Canonsburg PA. Nikos Diakakis (from Koskinou, Rhodes), with his wife Penelope Matsakis (from Karpathos) and with their grandchildren Nikos (left) and Emanuel Nik. Stamatakis in Canonsburg PA.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><em>\u00ab\u039d\u2019 \u03b1\u03c6\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u2019 \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ac\u03bb\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03bf\u03c5, \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b1\u03c1\u03cc \u03b1\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1,<br>\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03b9\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b9 \u03cc\u03be\u03c9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bb\u03ac\u03bc\u03c0\u2019 \u03b7 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>\u039d\u03ac\u03c1\u03b8\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b7, \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1 \u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9,<br>\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u2019 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03bd\u03ad\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c5\u03c7\u03bb\u03b9\u03ad\u03c2, \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b3\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ac\u03bd\u03c9 \u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>\u039d\u03ac \u2019\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c6\u03cc\u03b2\u03bf \u03c4\u03b1\u03c7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03b7 \u03c4\u03cd\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ac\u03be\u03b5\u03b9,<br>\u03ae \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c6\u03c9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03bb\u03b5\u03c6\u03c4\u03cc \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03ac\u03c8\u03b5\u03b9.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>\u038c\u03bb\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c5\u03c1\u03cc \u03c3\u03bf\u03c5,<br>\u03ba\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c6\u03c4\u03ac \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf \u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03cc \u03b2\u03bb\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u0386\u03b3\u03b3\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf \u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u00bb.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0391\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03ac\u03ba\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>\u039f\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c9\u03c1\u03cd\u03c7\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b2\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 Black Lung Disease (\u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03ac\u03ba\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7). \u03a4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03b9\u03c9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03bf \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03ad\u03c0\u03bd\u03b5\u03b1\u03bd \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c9\u03c1\u03cd\u03c7\u03bf\u03b9, \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03ad\u03b2\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5 \u03bf \u03bf\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03cc \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2, \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1. \u0391\u03bd \u03b4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03b7 \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 silica (\u03c0\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03c4\u03b9\u03b1), \u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03ac\u03ba\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>\u039f \u03c6\u03cc\u03b2\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b6\u03c9\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b5\u03ba\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2, \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c2, \u03ce\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ac\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03bc\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c0\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b5\u03bd\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd. \u03a3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c0\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5 \u03bf \u0392\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2 \u039b\u03b9\u03b3\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2, \u03ac\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c1\u03c1\u03bf\u03ae \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03ce\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b6\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03bb\u03cd\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03bd\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5. \u0388\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u0394\u03c9\u03b4\u03b5\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03ae\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c9\u03c1\u03cd\u03c7\u03c9\u03bd \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03bf \u0399\u03c9\u03ac\u03bd\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u0393. \u03a0\u03b1\u03c7\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2, \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b5\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 United Mine Workers of America, Local 4426, Weirton WV, \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b5 1200 \u03bc\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>\u03a4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03ac\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c9\u03c1\u03cd\u03c7\u03c9\u03bd \u03b2\u03af\u03c9\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03b3\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03ac: \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03be\u03b5\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03cc\u03b4\u03b9\u03b6\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03af \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03ac, \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03ae\u03be\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd \u03b8\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03be\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03b2\u03c1\u03ac\u03b4\u03c5. \u0397 \u0396\u03c9\u03ae \u03a3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03ba\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b7\u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9: \u00ab\u038c\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03ae\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03b6\u03b5 \u03b7 \u03ce\u03c1\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c7\u03bf\u03bb\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bf \u03c0\u03b1\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c5, \u03bc\u03b1\u03b6\u03af \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u2019 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac \u03c0\u03b7\u03b3\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03af\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03c2. \u03a0\u03b5\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b2\u03bb\u03ad\u03c0\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03af\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03b7. \u03a4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c7\u03ad\u03c1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c7\u03c1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c6\u03b8\u03ac\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c0\u03af\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b1\u03c2, \u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03b9\u03ac \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b3\u03c1\u03ae\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03c2. \u0386\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bb\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03af\u03c1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b6\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03b3\u03b5\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7 \u03ba\u03ac\u03c1\u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u00bb.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><em><strong>Dodecanesians in the Coal Mines<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em><strong>By Manolis Cassotis<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Among the millions of immigrants from all over the world, who came to America at the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th century, was Manolis Hatzistamatis from Karaburun in Asia Minor. Although he was born in Karpathos, he went to the East, like thousands of other Dodecanese, together with his father, who was engaged in building construction and acquired houses, fields and vineyards.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>In Canonsburg<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Hatzistamatis arrived in Canonsburg PA in 1899 and took a job in the coal mines of the Allegheny Coal Company and, due to the experience he gained in his father\u2019s bussiness in Turkey, was promoted to foreman. In 1901 Hatzistamatis brought the brothers John and Manolis Skoulos to America and, in 1903, Nikita Chatzistamatis, Alexis John Alexiadis, Vasilios and Elias Michael Skoulos and Emmanuel John Stamatakis.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/anamniseis.wpenginepowered.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/a118-CoalMines8-Small.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-51399\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">\u039f \u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b4\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 Logan WV, \u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b3\u03cd\u03c1\u03c9 \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03b9\u03ac \u03c5\u03c0\u03ae\u03c1\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c9\u03c1\u03c5\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03b1\u03bd \u0394\u03c9\u03b4\u03b5\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03ae\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03b9. The main road of Logan WV, where in the surrounding villages were several coal mines where many Dodecanesians worked.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><em>The letters that these first Karpathian immigrants sent to their relatives in Karpathos were very encouraging and urged them to immigrate to America as well. Many of these first immigrants returned to Karpathos after two or three years, and a year later, returning to America, took other relatives and friends with them. In 1906 another 50 Karpathians arrived in America. Most of the Karpathian immigrants went to Canonsburg and found work in the Allegheny coal mines. At the same time, together with the Karpathians, the Rhodians, mainly from Koskinou, began to arrive in Canonsburg, who in a few years outnumbered the Karpathians.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>In 1906 the Dodecanese community of Canonsburg numbered around 200 Rhodians and 100 Karpathians. Today, in the Greek section of the Canonsburg cemetery, there are several graves of the first Dodecanese immigrants. Among them there is the tomb of the Karpathian pioneer Manolis Hatzistamatis in which it is written that he is the first Karpathian immigrant to America, apparently those who wrote it did not know that he had been preceded by Nicholas Mastropanagiotis (Philadelphia PA, 1872) and John Livadiotis (New Orleans LA, 1875). Decades later, you could hear second-generation Rhodians of Canonsburg spoke Greek with a Rhodian accent, while young children of the third generation spoke English interspersed with Rhodian words and phrases.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>In Wheeling and Aliquippa<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>In 1911 the Allegheny coal mine at Canonsburg caught fire and many Karpathians found work in the Wheeling WV coal mines, and the Rhodians in the Aliquippa PA coal mines. Over time, old and new immigrants moved and settled in other coal mines of Pennsylvania, Ohio, and West Virginia, such as around Logan. Movements from region to region, in search of better working conditions, were frequent and usually had to do with their family situation as well. That is, those who did not have family obligations in America, were single or their family lived in the Dodecanese, moved more easily, often, and inexpensively because some companies that intended to thwart the creation of labor unions, paid their travel expenses and took them to work in areas where local workers were striking. This also explains the fact that many Dodecanesians were found in various distant states such as Zeigler and Gillespie IL and as far away as Dawson NM. The migration stream of the Dodecanesians to the coal-bearing regions of America, which began at the beginning of the 20th century, continued until WWII.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Hard Work<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>With an elevator, the miners descended into the earth, tens or even hundreds of meters until they reached the place where they would work. They dug the coal and as they went, they laid iron rails in the ground on which small wagons rolled, which carried the coal from the mining site to the elevator. From there, other workers brought it to the surface and loaded it on trains that took it to the great industrial centers of America or to ports that loaded it on steamers bound for various other countries.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><a href=\"https:\/\/anamniseis.wpenginepowered.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/a118-CoalMines2-Small.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/anamniseis.wpenginepowered.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/a118-CoalMines2-Small.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-51400\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">\u03a3\u03c4\u03bf \u03bd\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03b1\u03c6\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 Canonsburg \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03cd\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bf \u039c\u03b1\u03bd\u03ce\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2 \u03a7\u03b1\u03c4\u03b6\u03b7\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2, \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03be\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b4\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c9\u03c1\u03c5\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0391\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2. Manolis Hatzistamatis, who paved the way for America\u2019s coal mines, is laid to rest in the Canonsburg cemetery.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><em>This is how Nikos Fr. Vozos describes the miner\u2019s job: \u201cTen to twelve hours a day was spent digging, with little rest for food. Each of us dug 16 tons of coal until the day\u2019s wages of terror were over and the next shift came to replace us. As we progressed, we did not take out all the coal, we formed large galleries and at intervals we left pillars to hold the roof from falling and burying us. The carpenters worked with us, supporting the roof of the arcades with large beams. Once the vein was exhausted, we would start digging at the end and work our way to the lift. The boss didn\u2019t want to lose the coal from the pillars that supported the roof, although there was a great risk of it falling and burying us\u201d.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Before trade unions were organized and the authorities acted, workers were being cruelly exploited. As Vozos continues to narrate: \u201cThe coal mining company built shacks like small wagons which they rented to us at an exorbitant rent. Five-six people stayed in each room. We bought our groceries exclusively from the company\u2019s grocery store, the famous \u201cCompany store\u201d at exorbitant prices. At first, they didn\u2019t pay us in money, but they gave us vouchers with which we paid the rent and everything else we bought from the company\u2019s grocery store\u201d.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Message to Saint Peter<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>In the same way, the touching song entitled \u201cThe Miner Complains\u201d, which is still sung to this day, describes the life of the miner:<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>\u201cYou load sixteen tons and what do you get?&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Another day older and deeper in debt.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Saint Peter, don\u2019t you call me \u2019cause I can\u2019t go&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;I owe my soul to the company store\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Nikos Saitis also describes the miner\u2019s life in the same dark colors: \u201cFive or six of us lived in a small room and we paid 12 dollars a month to the company, almost half of what we made. For warmth on cold winter nights, we had a coal stove in the middle of the room, where we heated water for washing and cooking. For lighting we had oil lamps because we paid the company for the electricity. We sleep on wooden beds, with a quilt, half for a mattress and half for a cover and our pants and jacket for a pillow. Five days a week we eat beans and potatoes, one day eggs and one day beef.\u201d A few years later the more creative miners built more humane houses for rent that the miners lived in and grocery stores that sold at more favorable prices.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Difficult and dangerous job<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>The miner\u2019s job was not only difficult but also dangerous. Many times, especially when they were working very close to the columns that supported the roof, rocks and dirt would fall and bury them or block any escape route. Somotimes, the mines were flooded by underground lakes and rivers, and many miners died from methane fumes trapped inside the mines. Therefore, the miners placed an acetylene lamp on their helmet, the flame of which went out when the methane exceeded the permissible limits. Many times, the methane and even worse the coal dust suspended inside the mine caught fire and an explosion followed. This is how Nikos Konstantinidis describes the dangers that the miner faced in the coal mines, in free translation:<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>\u00abTo leave your shores, the fresh air,<br>to enter the coal mine, while outside the sun shines.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>To enter the earth, two hundred meters below,<br>to breath the molds, upsetting your stomach.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>To always have the fear that it would sink,<br>or catch fire and in a minute will burn you.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>You ponder everything and make your cross,<br>and seven times in a minute you see your Angel\u00bb.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em><strong>Black Lung Disease<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Miners were afflicted with Black Lung Disease. The coal dust suspended in the mines and breathed in by the miners was not eliminated by their bodies, and over time it accumulated in the walls of their lungs, turning them black and causing chronic respiratory problems. If silica was also mixed in the coal dust, the carbonization would also cause heart problems.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>The fear for their very lives and their exploitation by the companies pushed the workers into protests and attempts to form labor unions. Vassilis Lignos was the leader of these efforts, an influential man among the workers so active and efficient that the companies looked at his murder as a solution. Another Dodecanese active in miners\u2019 unions was John G. Pahundis, who was elected vice president of the United Mine Workers of America, Local 4426, Weirton WV, which had 1,200 members.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>The miners\u2019 insecurity and anxiety were also experienced by their families every day: when they were sent out in the morning for work, they didn\u2019t know if they would see them again in the evening. Zoe Stamataki recounts: \u201cWhen I was little and it was almost time for my father to finish work, together with the other children we went to the mine to wait for our fathers. We were flying with joy when we saw them projecting from the mine dusty and smudged with coal dust. We held their hands until we reached our house, sometimes we ran faster to announce it to our mothers. Other times we would take the bag they kept full of coal for the needs of the house.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0391\u03bd\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03bc\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u2019 \u03cc\u03bb\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf, \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ae\u03bb\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u0391\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 19\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 20\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b1, \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03ba\u03b9 \u03bf \u039c\u03b1\u03bd\u03ce\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2 \u03a7\u03b1\u03c4\u03b6\u03b7\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u039a\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd\u03ac\u03c1\u03b9 (Karaburun) \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u039c\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03ac\u03c2 \u0391\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2. \u0391\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03bd\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u039a\u03ac\u03c1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf \u03c0\u03ae\u03b3\u03b5 <a href=\"https:\/\/dodekanisos.com.gr\/?p=14889\"> Read more&#8230;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":14890,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[144],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-14889","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-144"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/dodekanisos.com.gr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14889","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/dodekanisos.com.gr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/dodekanisos.com.gr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dodekanisos.com.gr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dodekanisos.com.gr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=14889"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/dodekanisos.com.gr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14889\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":14891,"href":"https:\/\/dodekanisos.com.gr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14889\/revisions\/14891"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dodekanisos.com.gr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/14890"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/dodekanisos.com.gr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=14889"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dodekanisos.com.gr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=14889"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dodekanisos.com.gr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=14889"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}